Disruptive Innovation
In
business, disruptive technology is referred to an innovation that creates a new
market and value network which eventually disrupts an existing one, displacing
the already established firms, products and alliances that are leading in the
market. It was defined and analysed by
Clayton M. Christensen, an American scholar along with his collaborators
beginning in 1995 and has been called the most influential business idea of the
early 21st Century.
Here,
we cannot categorise all innovations as disruptive even if they are
revolutionary. For example, in the late 19th Century the first automobiles were
not a disruptive innovation as it was a luxury item unaffordable to many, and
did not disrupt the market for other means of transport like horse-drawn
vehicles. The market remained intact until the lower-priced Ford Model T was
introduced in 1908.
These
innovations are often seen to be produced by outsiders or entrepreneurs in
startups rather than the existing market leaders. It is so because the business
environment of such market leaders do not allow them to pursue their ideas and
thoughts of disruptive innovations when they first arise as it may not be
profitable in the initial stages and also takes away their resources.
For
example, in the music and video industry, downloadable digital media is a
disruptive innovation which disrupted the market of CDs and DVDs. Or in the
transportation industry, high-speed rails disrupted the market for short
distance flights with regards to its cost, time and convenience.
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To
Know More https://rcbs.rajagiri.edu/
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